Are there specific brands of glass? No. All plain clear glass is produced the same, as one vendors glass is no differently made than the next vendor.
Are there different types of glass? Absolutely!
Glass can be made in to numerous shapes, sizes, colors, thickness, etc. Each characteristic has it's own descriptor.
Clear Glass
Clear glass is what it sounds like, just clear with no visible tint or additives that make it anything other than transparent. Breaks in large chunks.
Tinted Glass
Tinted glass can be made with low-e, gray, or even bronze tint. (not limited to just those). Typically, glass such as Low-e can help cut down on heat transmission from the sun.
Tempered Glass
Tempered glass is like the glass on your side windows in your car. When it breaks, it shatters and creates a web of cracks throughout the glass. The weakest point of this glass is in the corners, and the strongest point is dead center.
Laminated Glass
Laminated glass is like the glass on your car windshield. In movies, you'll notice the glass kind of bends when being destroyed, and stays together a little more than normal glass would. It is two pieces of glass held in place by a thin polymer interlayer.